National Preparedness Month: Extreme Heat

While we hope we’re done with excessive heat for the year, it’s good to know how to prepare for next time.

What To Do Before and During Extreme Heat

Before an extreme heat warning is underway, become familiar with places in your community where you can go to get cool. Consider buildings that are normally open to the public, like libraries or community centers. Cooling shelters may open up in cases of severe heat emergencies. If that happens, locations will be announced through local media and City of Madison social media pages.

At home, cover windows with drapes or shades. Weather strip your doors and windows or consider installing window air conditioners with insulation around them. You can also use window reflectors like aluminum foil-covered cardboard to reflect heat back outside.

During an extreme heat warning, take it easy. Stay in places with air conditioning. If you must be outside, stay in the shade. Wear loose, lightweight, light-colored clothing. Drink plenty of fluids to stay hydrated. And remember, never leave children or pets in your car on a warm day, even for a few minutes.

It is important to know how to recognize when you or someone around you may be suffering from heat-related illness— and what to do about it.

Know the Signs of Heat Exhaustion & Heat Stroke

Heat exhaustion is a precursor to heat stroke. Signs and symptoms include heavy sweating, paleness, muscle cramps, dizziness, thirst, nausea, and weakness. Treat heat exhaustion by moving to a cooler area and lying down. Loosen or remove clothing and drink cool water or sports drink with salt and sugar. Seek medical help if symptoms don’t improve.

Heat stroke is a very serious condition and must be taken very seriously. Signs and symptoms include a body temperature over 103 degrees; red, hot, and dry skin with no sweat; confusion; dizziness; and losing consciousness. Call 911 if you believe someone is suffering from heat stroke. Move the person to a cooler area, loosen clothing and remove extra layers, and cool them with water or ice. Heat stroke can cause death or permanent disability if emergency treatment is not given.