How we plow the streets

This page outlines our procedures for scheduling, staffing, and equipment during a snow or ice event.

For more information, read our full Snow and Ice Procedures.

About Madison

The City of Madison has almost 1,800 miles of traffic lanes. This is about the distance between Madison and the Mojave Desert in California.

The City also maintains miles of sidewalks and hundreds of bus stops and school crosswalks.

The Streets Division sets priorities and follows the below strategy to treat all of this pavement for commuters.

Active Snowfalls & Snow Totals of Less Than 3 Inches

Salt Routes

The salt routes include about half of all Madison traffic lanes. These are the critical streets around Madison, including:

• Major streets and connections
• Metro Transit bus routes
• Streets near schools, hospitals, and police and fire stations

Visit the City of Madison Salt Route Network map.

Every time snow starts to accumulate on the roads, we will plow and salt the salt route network. The Streets Division assigns 32 trucks to the salt routes. They loop through their routes again and again the entire time it is snowing and accumulating on the roads.

Due to plowing, salting, and traffic, these roads are often clear from snow once the active snowfall ends and the salt has had time to work.

Temperature plays a big role in how well salt works. The colder it is, the slower salt works.

Residential Streets

Residential streets make up the other half of Madison traffic lanes. We do not salt these lanes, and we do not plow them every time snow accumulates on the road.

As a result, residential streets will be covered in snow.

A hard pack of snow and ice will form as cars travel on them. The Streets Division will spread a sand mix onto these streets where needed to provide traction.

Citywide Plowing: Snow Totals of 3 Inches or More on the Roads

When three or more inches of snow accumulates on the roads, and the storm is at or near its end, a citywide plowing operations will begin in most circumstances.

We often declare a Snow Emergency before citywide plowing. This starts parking restrictions that help us plow the streets.

As noted above, we will plow and salt the salt routes the entire time the storm is ongoing.

When the citywide plowing begins, we deploy 150 pieces of equipment to plow every street in Madison. This number includes the trucks assigned to the salt routes. The equipment comes from the Streets Division, Parks, Engineering, and several heavy equipment contractors.

No neighborhood is assigned to be last. Madison is divided into over 60 sub-areas.  Plowing equipment is assigned to each of these sub-areas at the start of the plowing shift, and crews all begin their plowing duties at the same time.

Plowing all of the traffic lanes, from thoroughfares to cul-de-sacs, takes between 12 and 16 hours, depending on the severity of the storm.

A thin compacted of snow is left on the road surface following plowing. This is normal.

Plows cannot push down to the road surface to peel up that last layer of snow. Also, snowplows are flat on the bottom, while roads are rounded to assist with draining and have other bumps and dips. Pushing a flat plow over that kind of surface contributes to this layer of hard packed snow after plowing.

We do not salt residential streets, and salt is the only tool that can melt through that final layer of snow on the roads. This means a hard pack of snow will be on the streets throughout most of the winter.

Salt routes are often clear from snow after a winter event because of the salt they receive and the amount of traffic on the roads.